Yawancin enzymes da aka saba amfani da su a gwajin PCR

Halin sarkar polymerase, an rage shi azamanPCRa Turanci, wata dabara ce ta ilimin halitta da ake amfani da ita don ƙara takamaiman gutsuttsuran DNA.Ana iya ɗaukarsa azaman kwafi na DNA na musamman a wajen jiki, wanda zai iya ƙara ƙaramin adadin DNA sosai.A lokacin dukaPCRTsarin amsawa, ɗayan nau'ikan abubuwa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa - enzymes.

1. Taq DNA

A cikin gwaje-gwaje a farkon kwanakinPCR, Masana kimiyya sun yi amfani da Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, Amma akwai matsala tare da wannan enzyme: yana buƙatar sake cika sabon enzyme a duk lokacin da aka yi wani sake zagayowar, wanda ya sa matakan aiki ya ɗan rikitarwa kuma yana da wuya a cika ta atomatik.An magance wannan matsala bayan da masana kimiyya suka ware Taq DNA polymerase da gangan daga Thermus aquaticus a cikin 1988. Tun daga wannan lokacin, haɓaka DNA ta atomatik ya zama gaskiya.Gano wannan enzyme kuma yana yinPCRfasaha mai dacewa, fasaha da fasaha na duniya.A halin yanzu, Taq DNA polymerase shine mafi yawan polymerase a cikin kayan DNA.

2. PfuDNA

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, Taq DNase yana da babban kwaro, don haka masana kimiyya sun gyara Taq DNA polymerase zuwa wani matsayi don guje wa haɓaka da ba ta dace ba saboda rashin daidaituwa, wanda ya haifar da sakamakon gwaji mara kyau.Amma gyare-gyaren Taq DNA polymerase na iya hana ayyukan DNA polymerase a zafin jiki.PfuDNA polymerase na iya zama da kyau don daidaita abubuwan da ke sama na Taq DNA polymerase, ta yadda za a iya aiwatar da aikin PCR akai-akai, kuma ana iya inganta ƙimar haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da kyau.

3. Reverse Transcriptase

An gano reverse transcriptase a cikin 1970. Wannan enzyme yana amfani da RNA a matsayin samfuri, dNTP a matsayin ma'auni, yana bin ka'idar haɗin ginin tushe, kuma yana haɗa nau'in DNA guda ɗaya wanda ya dace da samfurin RNA a cikin 5'-3′.Reverse transcriptase ya dogara da farko akan ayyukan DNA polymerase daga samfuran DNA ko RNA don haka ba shi da aikin 3'-5′ exonuclease.Duk da haka, yana da aikin RNase H, wanda ke iyakance tsawon kira na baya-baya zuwa wani iyaka.Saboda ƙarancin aminci da yanayin zafi na daji reverse transcriptase, masana kimiyya kuma sun gyara shi.

DominPCRGwaje-gwajen, manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da su sune: PCR guda ɗaya, bututun PCR 4/8-strip, PCR faranti.

Labio taPCR abubuwan amfanida wadannanabũbuwan amfãni:

Farashin PCR: Faɗin madaidaicin cycler thermal;Babban bambanci, sauƙin ganewa mai kyau;da kyau haske tunani; mai kyaucanja wurin zafi;Certified DNase, RNase, DNA, PCR inhibitors, da gwajin-free pyrogen.

Kowane PCR tubes: Mai jurewa evaporation; mai kyaucanja wurin zafi;kyakkyawan ingancin gani; Certified DNase, RNase, DNA, PCR inhibitors, da gwajin pyrogen-free.

4/8 - tubes na PCR: Ganuwar-bakin ciki; babban tsafta; kyakyawan haske mai kyau;za a iya amfani da shi a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, masana'antar abinci, da ilmin kwayoyin halitta; high quality, budurwa PP kayan; Certified DNase, RNase, DNA, PCR hanawa, da kuma gwada pyrogen-free.